Alexander the Great essay free essay sample

Alexander the Great Alexander III is well known as the Great for the battles he won and the territory he conquered. During his childhood he was commanding armies, winning battles and learning from the Greek philosopher Aristotle. His father, Phillip II, began the conquest of the Persian Empire but died before he could complete it. Alexander was placed in power in 336 B. C. E. and amassed one of the greatest empires in the middle ages. Upon his demise, Alexander’s empire would crumble under the pressures of internal fighting and disagreements of his policies. In the following text you will learn a more in depth view of his childhood, his conquests, his legacy and why he is considered one of the greatest military geniuses of all time. (Walbank) Alexander was born in 356 B. C. E. to Phillip II and Olympias in Macedonian. At the age of 13 his father hired Aristotle to educate Alexander in science, philosophy, and literature (Walbank). We will write a custom essay sample on Alexander the Great essay or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page In 340, when Philip assembled a large Macedonian army and invaded Thrace, he left his 16 year old son with the power to rule Macedonia in his absence as regent, which shows that even at such young age Alexander was recognized as quite capable. But as the Macedonian army advanced deep into Thrace, the Thracian tribe of Maedi bordering north-eastern Macedonia rebelled and posed a danger to the country. Alexander assembled an army, led it against the rebels, and with swift action defeated the Maedi, captured their stronghold, and renamed it after himself to Alexandropolis (Alexander the Great Alexander of Macedon Biography, 2001-2003 ). With this victory Alexander was promoted to a general in his father’s army, where he was able to defeat the Greek forces and his bravery was said to have won the battle (Alexander the Great Alexander of Macedon Biography, 2001-2003 ). After the war his father and mother were divorced and his father married Cleopatra. Alexander took his mother and fled from Macedonia to Epirus, due to a disagreement between Alexander and Phillip II (Walbank). Alexander was allowed to return to Macedonia to take his place in the Macedonian court. After Alexander’s father was assassinated he quickly took control of the Macedonian empire and quelled a Greek rebellion. At this time he turned his attention to conquering the Persian Empire to complete his father’s dream. In 334B. C. E. Alexander began his push into Asia Minor with an army of 37,000 men (Duiker Spielvogel, 2009). The first battle was fought at the river Granicus were the Persian forces numbered 20,000 Persians and 20,000 Greeks. The Persian forces were trying to bait Alexander into crossing the river and entering into a trap. The Persian lines were broken and they fled, and Greek army stood their ground but later was massacred. During this battle 18,000 Greeks that fought for the Persians were killed and 2,000 were taken back as slaves to Macedonia (Alexander the Great Alexander of Macedon Biography, 2001-2003 ). After the victory at Granicus Alexander was in control of half of Asia Minor, and he was to meet the Persian King Darius III at the Battle of Issus. The battle was won by the Macedonian Army even though they were outnumbered. After defeating the Persian Army at the Battle of Issus, Alexander moved south and conquered modern day Syria, Palestine and Egypt. In 331 B. C. E Alexander won a decisive battle at Gaugamela which allowed him to enter into Babylon and proceed to the Persian capitols at Susa and Persepolis. He was able to take control of the riches of the Persian Empire. Darius III was assassinated by a Persian soldier, which allowed Alexander to take the title and office of the Great King of the Persians. Alexander then pushed into India fighting numerous battles and extending his empire. While continuing to push across India Alexander’s troops began to resist, mutinied and refused to go on. Alexander returned to Babylon only after losing thousands of troops in the arid desserts of South Persia. Until his death in 323 B. C. E. Alexander was still planning on conquering all of Asia Minor (Duiker Spielvogel, 2009). Alexander’s reign over the Macedonian Empire has long lasting effects over the Arab and Asian countries and cultures. In some circles he was known as a great general and in other circles he is known as a tyrant or a barbarian. With numerous battles won there is evidence of that he was a master of the art of war. He also attempted to breed Macedonians and Persians to create a society loyal to him only. There were some experiments that Alexander attempted that were abolished at the moment of his death and this could be an example of the tyrant. One of his legacies continues today in the city of Alexandria. His conquering of the Persian Empire allowed Greek and Macedonian architecture, literature, art and Greek language to become part of the Asian culture. During this time it was known as the Hellenistic Period which means â€Å"to imitate Greeks†. With Alexander being of Macedonian decent he was able to combine different cultures which still affect the world today (Duiker Spielvogel, 2009) (Alexander the Great Alexander of Macedon Biography, 2001-2003 ). Alexander the Great has been depicted as one of the greatest artisans of war that ever took a battle field. He was the ruler of one of the largest dynasties of all time and yet let greed ruin everything. He command respect from his subjects and killed those who refused. He was educated by Aristotle as a teenager, which shows that he was able to embrace other customs and attempt to expand on them. Many of the actual depictions of the events of his life are unknown, but there is one thing for sure, out of the early dynasties there is only one that ends with the great and it is Alexander’s. Even though his dynasty was strong in life it crumbled in death.

How Do Whales, Dolphins, and Porpoises Sleep

How Do Whales, Dolphins, and Porpoises Sleep Cetaceans (whales, dolphins, and porpoises) are voluntary breathers, meaning they think about every breath they take. A whale breathes through the blowhole on top of its head, so it needs to come up to the water surface to breathe. But that means the whale needs to be awake to breathe. How does a whale get any rest? The Surprising Way a Whale Sleeps The way a cetacean sleeps is surprising. When a human sleeps, all of his brain is engaged in being asleep. Quite unlike humans, whales sleep  by resting one half of their brain at a time. While one half of the brain stays awake to make sure the whale breathes and alerts the whale to any danger in its environment, the other half of the brain sleeps. This is called unihemispheric slow-wave sleep. Humans are involuntary breathers, meaning they breathe without thinking about it and have a breathing reflex that kicks into gear when they are sleeping or are knocked unconscious. You cant forget to breathe, and you dont stop breathing when you are asleep. This pattern also allows whales to keep moving while sleeping, maintaining position in relation to others in their pod and staying aware of predators such as sharks. The movement may also help them maintain their body temperature. Whales are mammals, and they regulate their body temperature to keep it in a narrow range. In water, a body loses heat 90 times as much as it does in air. Muscular activity helps keep the body warm. If a whale stops swimming, it may lose heat too fast. Do Whales Have Dreams When They Sleep? Whale sleep is complex and still being studied. One interesting finding, or lack thereof, is that whales do not appear to have REM (rapid eye movement) sleep that is characteristic of humans. This is the stage in which most of our dreaming occurs. Does that mean that whales dont have dreams? Researchers dont yet know the answer to that question. Some cetaceans sleep with one eye open as well, changing to the other eye when the brain hemispheres change their activation during sleep. Where Do Whales Sleep? Where cetaceans sleep differs among species. Some rest on the surface, some are constantly swimming, and some even rest far below the water surface. For example, captive dolphins have been known to rest at the bottom of their pool for a few minutes at a time. Large baleen whales, such as humpback whales, can be seen resting on the surface for half an hour at a time. These whales take slow breaths that are less frequent than a whale thats active. They are so relatively motionless on the surface that this behavior is referred to as logging because they look like giant logs floating on the water. However, they cant rest for too long at a time, or they may lose too much body heat while inactive. Sources: Lyamin, O.I., Manger, P.R., Ridgway, S.H., Mukhametov, L.M., and J.M. Siegal. 2008. Cetacean Sleep: An Unusual Form of Mammalian Sleep. (Online). Neuroscience and Biobehavioral Reviews 32:1451–1484.Mead, J.G. and J.P. Gold. 2002. Whales and Dolphins in Question. Smithsonian Institution.Ward, N. 1997. Do Whales Ever...? Down East Books.

Consider the following scenario Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words - 2

Consider the following scenario - Research Paper Example The distinctive ledgers which ledgers used within inventory recording system include Raw Materials, Work in Process and Finished goods accounts. Differences between the two costing techniques arise as costs are added up with respect to their jobs in job order costing system while in process costing system; these costs are pooled in with respect to a department’s cost incurred with respect to a specified time period. Further differences between the two costing system occur because of the nature and types of production methods employed to manufacture goods. Process costing system is used in production organizations which tend to have similar ongoing procedures to manufacture their goods while job order costing is used in companies which tend to produce special or customized goods in batches. Since our company would be producing a single version of a product, a process costing system would be best suited to analyze the costs of the product. This system would also be carried out in future as well if the production is carried out in large quantities of identical pattern in an ongoing flow. Job order costing would only be employed if the company produces tailor-made products for their customer or it manufactures standard products in batches (Lucey,

Safety and Security in the Gas and Oilfield Industry Research Paper

Safety and Security in the Gas and Oilfield Industry - Research Paper Example To reckon, there were a hundred of foreign hostages at Nigeria working for an oil company in its four rigs when labor disputes heightened in a May 2003 election. The war between Israelites and Palestine, albeit dealt for peaceful negotiation by the United Nations have also security implications for multinational oil companies operating in the region. In some regions inhabited by rebel and extremist groups, oil and gas companies are the target of terroristic attacks and exaction of money by rebel groups with the aim of weakening its operation. Trim and Caravelli (2009) explained that strategizing for security management will help develop resiliency and reduce vulnerabilities in gas and oil industry. This can be undertaken by developing a blueprint of national and corporate security, intelligence effort, and disaster/emergency planning enforcement. Trim and Caravelli (2009) professed that there are wide range of perspectives, disciplines, and mechanism that can be optimized by security managers but these certainly require human resources composed of security and intelligence experts, law enforcers, disaster and emergency managers, good relation with policymakers, networking with police and military enforcers, and good correlation with civil society and the academe. The strategy will also include counter-terrorism strategies and hence require national security strategists, security management reform and comprehensive security evaluation and planning which is also attuned to disaster and emergency management policies and practices (Trim and Caravelli, 2009). It is presupposed that oil and gas development is a major contribution to the economic boom in a country. Oil and gas companies must partner with a domestic government for disarmament and demobilization in the country where there are active extremist and rebel groups fighting against the government (Trim and Caravelli, 2009).

Nursing Research Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Nursing Research - Essay Example Critiquing a research work, therefore, involves a careful examination of all aspects of the study, to assess its strength, limitations, meanings and relevance, in a bid to gain adequate up to date knowledge, improve practice and provide essential data necessary for further studies (Hek, 1996; Burns and Grove, 1999). 1. Problem Statement: The study was conducted to evaluate patients' satisfaction with two different routes of follow-up monitoring care for patients with Rheumatoid Arthritis - Primary care settings involving a General Practitioner and/or practice nurse, and Secondary care settings involving a specialist team within hospitals and including case management by a Rheumatology Nurse Specialist (RNS). This research problem is of great importance to the nursing profession, as it evaluates patients' satisfaction to specialized nursing service delivery. 2. Study Purpose: The purpose of the research was to compare Rheumatoid Arthritis patients' satisfaction with a General Practitioner led primary care and a Rheumatology Nurse Specialist (RNS) led secondary care settings. ... it can be inferred from the study aim that the research question would be something like: Are patients more satisfied with primary care or secondary care settings for follow-up care and monitoring 4. Hypothesis/Hypotheses: Hypothesis is a statement, which predicts the performance of a verifiable occurrence in certain conditions, based upon theoretical considerations (Stevens et al, 1993).The hypothesis of this research was not stated, also; however, the main hypothesis the research appear to be testing was: Rheumatoid Arthritis patients undertaking disease modifying antirheumatic therapy (DMARDS) are more satisfied with follow up monitoring and care provided by specialized nurse-led secondary care settings. 5. Study Variables: The two main variables of the research, as identified by the researchers are: primary and secondary monitoring of patients with Rheumatoid Arthritis undertaking DMARDS. 6. Conceptual/ Theoretical Framework: This study was guided theoretically by the former exploratory study carried out by the same authors, which indicated factors such as attitude and empathy, information provision, continuity of care etc influenced patients' satisfaction with care received. The present study sought to explore these qualities within the context of primary and secondary care. 7. Review of Related Literature: According to Massey (1995), the essence of a literature review is to analyze what has been said so far and thus demonstrate what is known about a research problem, and, in the process establish the need for the current study. The authors of this study contend that there was a lack of adequate literatures that relates to the satisfaction of rheumatology patients with monitoring follow-up. They identified and reviewed only three articles. However, one can argue

Stress And Pain In Labour Health And Social Care Essay

Stress And Pain In Labour Health And Social Care Essay Labour is a series of events that takes place in the genital organs in an effort to expel the viable products of conception through the vagina in to outer world. During labour, the women experience some degree of stress, discomfort and severe pain as her system responds to the effects of physical changes that prepare her to give birth. Labour process is a actual phenomenon. During the labour period mother have stress, anxiety, discomfort and severe pain. A scientific definition of pain is an unpleasant sensory and emotional experience associated with actual or potential tissue damage. The investigator had seen several primigravida mothers during first stage of labour with severe pain and discomfort. During the clinical experience. So that minimizing maternal discomfort and severe pain perception poor outcome of labour. And promoting the maternal comfort the nurse can help the mother to get relief from pain and suffering. The nursing management with ambulation has significant effect on improve maternal comfort, outcome of labour and reduce pain perception which helps to promote the comfort of the mother and its use is simple and has an significant therapeutic care. The main study was conducted at Maternal and child healthy GOSHA hospital, vizianagaram district Andhra Pradesh. The 60 primi gravida mothers who fulfilled the inclusive and exclusive criteria were selected for the study, out of which 30 mothers were experimental group and 30 of them control group and sample selected by using simple random sampling method by lottery method. Mother who came under group A lottery will come under the experimental group and mother who came under group B lottery will come under control group. After assessing the pre test level of maternal comfort, pain perception the investigator provided ambulation technique for experimental group. Ambulation is a slow walking for 15mts with the interval of 15mts assessment of each primi gravida mothers in experimental group. Routine hospital intervention for control group. After the third application the post test level of maternal comfort, pain perception and out come of labour was assessed by using maternal comfort as sessment tool and graphic rating scale and scored. The findings of the study revealed that the calculated t value was The t value of the level of maternal comfort between experimental and control group is8.13.The t value of the level of pain perception between experimental and control group is15.1. Thet value of the outcome of labour between experimental and control group is 8.63 which showed low statistical significant at (p

MANAGEMENT :: essays research papers

Building Blocks Known as the 4th largest standing natural gas distributor, Southern Union Gas serves nearly 1.5 million customers Nationally, and Internationally, for over 50 years. They have four divisions in the United States, which are: Ø Southern Union Gas in Texas. (Corporate Headquarters) Ø Missouri Gas in Missouri. Ø PG Energy in Pennsylvania. Ø New England Gas in Rhode Island and Massachusetts. Focus: My focus for this report is the â€Å"building blocks† of the Management, and how it shapes the organizational functions of the Missouri division of Southern Union Gas. James H. Oglesby is the COO and President of the Missouri division. MGE (Missouri Gas) serves approximately 498,000 natural gas customers in central and western Missouri, including Kansas City, St. Joseph, Joplin and Monett. MGE has about 700 employees to serve its customers in 155 communities throughout Missouri. Before accepting the title of COO (Chief of Operations), he was Vice President of Operations. He was promoted to this position after being employed with the company for 34 Years. His effiecency and knowledge company has taken the organization to new heights. Objectives: James Oglesby’s objectives were to successfully achieve the critical mass needed to compete in a challenging, changing energy industry, and was successful in doing just that by offering electric and propane subsidiaries such as the newly opened PEI Power Corporation, a 25-megawatt co-generation plant which uses natural and methane gases to generate steam and electricity, to increase revenue and decrease competition. This compliments the already effective natural gas operations. In doing so annual revenue has increased to more than 10.8 million dollars just within the first quarter results. While continuing to strengthen the core operations, in Missouri, he focused on propelling the organization to the forefront of the gas industry, and amplified the focus on business growth. Of course this built value to shareholders, and created a notable reputation of safety and quality. Under new direction of new management, the Missouri division is expected to result in the annual addition of approximately 16.7 million in the next quarter, in pre-tax income to the company, due to new rates. The accomplishments of Oglesby show dedication to the rapid development, progression and outcome of Missouri Gas. Article: James H. Oglesby Named President and COO of Southern Union's MGE Division February 2002 (Newstream) -- Southern Union Company ("Southern Union") (NYSE: SUG) announces the promotion of James H. Oglesby to president and chief operating officer of its Missouri Gas Energy ("MGE") division. Oglesby joined MGE in 1968 as a service technician.